Form and Style in Philippine Architecture (Churches)

The Catholic churches are centrally located at an area fonting the plaza. These structures continue to be the most prominent building in many towns. According to function, they may be classified as a cathedral, the seat of the diocese a capilla, a smaller church, usually in convents of nuns, colleges, or cemeteries and a basilica, which only few churches have been given the honorific title. These are the churches of San Martin in Taal, Batangas Immaculada Concepoin in Batangas City Nuestra Senora Dela Caridad in Agoo, La Union Santo Nino in Cebu City San Miguel Arcangel in Tayabas, Quezon the Quiapo Church and the Manila Cathedral.

Manila Cathedral:




Quiapo Church:



San Sebastian Church:



Iglesia Ni Cristo Church:


The houses of worship among the Igiesia Ni Cristo (INC) are called kapilya regardless of size. This is in memory of the humble beginnings of the church and its equally humble prototypoc buildings or beginnings of the church and its equally hummble prototypic buildings or sambahan. The only one that is called templo is the one at the central office in Quezon City, alltough the San Fernado Kapilya is popularly known as Templo Central Luzon. The INC interiors are well lit and airy due to the many windows of plain glass and high ceilings. Towers and spires, decorated with openwork tracery are many. Walls featured elongated mullions with flat arches, web-like tracery, or fret in precast. The decorations are non-figurative. For Felix Manalo the Gothic style seemed ecclesiastical.

Form and Style in Philippine Architecture (Buildings)

The kapitolyo, from the Latin word "capitolium" or capitol is always referred to the building of the provincial government located in the capital town or city. The entire building or its main portion is rectangilar in plan, two to three stories in height and set on on a poduim consisting of several steps. A two-sotry portico at the center of the facade shwltered the entrance which had one or several doors. (Perez III, 1994). The munisipyo, or town hall has constructed during the American period to house government offices in the municipal level. Early munispyo are the casa real. Porticoes and vestibule are always inseparable parts of the town hall. Town halls were constructed of concrete or of wood and concrete with galvanized-iron roof. The structures that many consider to be the ultimate in kingly pride, the height or political power are built for this purpose

Form and Style in Philippine Architecture (Houses)

Bahay Kubo or Cube House. It may be regarded as the Lowland Christians ethnic house. Bahay kubo retains the feature of a traditional house- pile construction and the hip- roof, and push- out or sliding window necessary in the hot and humid climate. Basically it consists of a balkon or beranda that opens to a square or rectangular multi-purpose bulwagan, the main room of the house. On one side, it has -a small room for household storage. The bulwagan leads to the kusina or kitchen usually with a separate roof and finally to the open-air batalan.

Bahay Na Bato. Also known as Bahay kastila (Spanish House), the Bahay na Bato is a residence of the well-to-do family. It has certain basic features, but the construction and design vary according to region. It is generally a two-sorry house.

Here is a description of one of the variations. "The ground floor is made of cut stone or bricks the upper floor of wood. Iron grilles protect the ground floor windows, while the second-story windows are wide with sliding pasamano (window sill), alternative windows called ventanillas (small windows), which are protected by iron grilles or wooden barandillas (balusters) reaching down to the floor, and have wooden shutters. It has a high hip roof sloping on four sides. Other are tile-roofed structures, and others are all-stones houses." (Zialcita, 1994).



An apartment is a multi-unit residence generally built in a populated urban area to be rented out to tenants. This may be row houses which is usually two-story buildings with a mezzanine. Each residential unit has living room, dining room, toilet and kitchen are in the first floor, and the bedroom is the second floor or in an elevation accessible through a flight of steps.

Form and Style in Philippine Sculpture

Jose Rizal, aside from being a great Filipino hero was also a great sculptor. Some of his works can still be seen at the Fort Santiago.

Napoleon V. Abueva is a National Artist and one of his most famous work is the Eternal Gardens sculpture.

Guillermo Tolentino was the teacher of Napoleon Abueva and he made the famous Oblation statue of the University of the Philippines.

Isabelo Tampinco is called the Juan Luna of Philippine sculpture.

My great great grandfather, Florencio J., had his works exhibited at the 1904 St. Louis World Fair in Missouri alongside with those of Isabelo Tampinco. His bust of Jose Rizal is now in a dim corner of our house waiting to be restored and displayed. Maybe I'll do it myself when I am older.

Form and Style in Philippine Paintings

Juan Luna

I saw this mural at the National Museum. It is called the Spoliarium by Juan Luna and it is the painting treasure of the Philippines.




Felix Resureccion Hidalgo
I think this is the other one opposite it by Felix Resureccion Hidalgo and it is being restored by conservation artists. (I need to check if this is the one when I go back there.)






Fernando Amorsolo
These paintings by Fernando Amorsolo are so dreamy and it is what I think best shows the Philippines.




but there was one done by Mr. Amorsolo which bothered me. You can also see this in the National Museum.







Carlos Botong Francisco


The stations of the cross in Don Bosco Mandaluyong were done by this great painter from Angono and I wonder if there is any effort to conserve them if they are the originals. The stations and the large mural of the crucified Christ are left exposed to the elements in the humid chapel.

There are many other great Filipino painters but I just want to focus on one who I really like. His name is Joey Velasco and sadly he died a couple of days ago. He painted this one which really bothered me.

We have been displaying Joey Velasco calendars at home for the past two years and I even gave away some for Christmas to my teachers. Too bad there won't be anymore of them.

Rest in peace Joey Velasco!

Form and Style in Art

Everyone has good ideas. In the world. people are carrying around in their heads splendid ideas for dance, novels, paintings, sculpture, drama and theater, and architecture. What is lacking is form and this is essential to any work of art.

Form is the way a work of art looks it includes everything from the material the artist uses, or the style in which the artist works, to the shapes, lines and colors in the art.

In everyday conversation style, you have style and are familiar with it. However, because it is so crucial to the understanding of art you must consider its meaning specially related to art.

Style is a characteristic of a number of characteristics that you can identify as constant, recurring or coherent. In art the sum of such characteristics is associated with a particular artist, group or culture, or with an artist's work at a specific time. For example, it can be associated with a whole artistic culture (Sung Dynasty style in China) with a particular time and place (early Renaissance style in Rome), with a group of artist whose works show similar characteristics (the Abstract Expressionist style) with one artist (Van Gogh style) or with one artist at a certain time (Picasso's Blue Period style).

Sung Dynasty's style of Painting:


Renaissance Style:

Principles of Design in Art

In 2-dimensional art, the organization of all the elements is called composition, but the more inclusive term applicable to all kinds of art is design.

The principles of design are a natural part of perception. These are not rules or laws but are guidelines rather to make the most effective choices and give greater insights into the work of art. These are the principles of unity and variety, balance, emphasis, scale and proportion, rhythm and harmony.


UNITY and VARIETY

Unity is a sense of oneness of thing belonging together and making up a coherent whole.


Variety is difference which provides interest. An artist can achieve unity by holding one or two elements constant and varying the others. The artist brings together a number of diverse objects
having different colors, shapes, sizes and textures and arrange them into a pleasing composition.

BALANCE

Balance is the equality of weight attention or attraction of the various elements. Its types are symmetrical, asymmetrical and radial.

Symmetrical. balance is seen when two sides are identical and nearly so they have same visual weight.

Asymmetrical. composition has two sides that do not match. The following sets of drawing illustrate also some general precepts about asymmetrical balance called informal balance.

Vocabulary Words from Art 1 Module

These are the big words which I should know after the Art Module 1. I will write the new words today from Module 2 so I will record them here.

observation - to watch closely and remember

represent - xxx

sdsd

No Pain, No Gain

Once a little boy was playing outdoors and found a fascinating caterpillar. He carefully picked it up and took it home to show his mother. He asked his mother if he could keep it, and she said he could if he would take good care of it.

The little boy got a large jar from his mother and put plants to eat, and a stick to climb on, in the jar. Every day he watched the caterpillar and brought it new plants to eat.

One day the caterpillar climbed up the stick and started acting strangely. The boy worriedly called his mother who came and understood that the caterpillar was creating a cocoon. The mother explained to the boy how the caterpillar was going to go through a metamorphosis and become a butterfly.

The little boy was thrilled to hear about the changes his caterpillar would go through. He watched every day, waiting for the butterfly to emerge. One day it happened, a small hole appeared in the cocoon and the butterfly started to struggle to come out.

At first the boy was excited, but soon he became concerned. The butterfly was struggling so hard to get out! It looked like it couldn’t break free! It looked desperate! It looked like it was making no progress!

The boy was so concerned he decided to help. He ran to get scissors, and then walked back (because he had learned not to run with scissors…). He snipped the cocoon to make the hole bigger and the butterfly quickly emerged!

As the butterfly came out the boy was surprised. It had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings. He continued to watch the butterfly expecting that, at any moment, the wings would dry out, enlarge and expand to support the swollen body. He knew that in time the body would shrink and the butterfly’s wings would expand.

But neither happened!

The butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings.
It never was able to fly…

As the boy tried to figure out what had gone wrong his mother took him to talk to a scientist from a local college. He learned that the butterfly was SUPPOSED to struggle. In fact, the butterfly’s struggle to push its way through the tiny opening of the cocoon pushes the fluid out of its body and into its wings. Without the struggle, the butterfly would never, ever fly. The boy’s good intentions hurt the butterfly.

Art Module 1 Test

Today I took the Art Module 1 test and I think I did okay. I also submitted color prints of some pages of this blog to show how I really tried hard to review for this test.

My teacher also told me that I can start using the new Philippine History book that my Papa suggested.

Texture

Texture refers to surface quality. it is a perception of smooth or rough, flat or bumpy, fine or coarse. Actual texture in art is associated with sculpture, architecture and the crafts. However many paintings also have actual texture. An artist who uses the impasto technique makes painting have actual surface textures. This technique uses thick layers of paint laid in such a way that some areas are thicker than other. More often the texture you see on paintings are visual textures. The concept of visual in painting is how the eye remembers the textile texture of forms in the natural world. When the real object is remembered to be rough the eyes will perceive that same object in the painting to be rough. A visual texture may create an illusion provide a symbol or it may exist simply for its own sake. Texture helps to enliven a work of art.

Optical Effects of Color

The phenomenon known as simuitansous contrast can play tricks on your eyes in the way you perceice the combinations of colors. If you place two complementary colors next to each other both of them will seem more brilliant: red is redder green is greener you might be creating an instant "still life" when you decorate your home by piling freash oranges into a blue bowl on the table. The two colors sparks against each other and this is intriguing to the eye. The afterimageeffect is associated with complementary colors.

If you stare fixedly on the color areas in the illustration below for half a minute and then turn your eyes quickly to a white page of wall you will see a faint afterimage. What colors did you see?
Some colors seem to "advance" and create illusion of large size these colors are also called warm hues. They have high intensity and dark value - red, orange, yellow. Colors that seem to "recede" and create illusion of small size are cool hues. They have low intensity and light value - blue, green.

Optical Effects of Colors

Simultaneous Contrast

The phenomenon called simultaneous contrast can play tricks on your eyes...

Afterimage Effect

You might be creating an instant 'still life' when you decorate your home...

klhkl

If you stare fixedly on the color areas in the illustration below...

(Place image here)

Math 1 Fractions

I have a lot to learn before I can do the first module of Math.



I will try this online lesson to prepare for my first Math test.



Thanks to the makers of this website but I still wish I would get my one-on-one tutorials with Singapore Math at Tutorlink.

Color Harmonies

Color harmony or sometimes called color scheme is the selective use of two or more colors in a single composition. This may be monochromatic harmony analogous harmony and complementary harmony. The artist's choice of colors is intuitive. You can only identify the color harmony of a certain work of art after it has been completed.


Monochromatic harmonies are composed of variations on the same

Properties of Color

The properties of color are hue, value and intensity.

Hue is the property of color that gives color its name. Value refers to the lightness and darkness of color. All hues have normal value. A color lighter than the hues normal value is called int, and a color darker than the hues normal value is called shade. Pink is a tint of red maroon is a shade of red. Intensity also called chroma or saturation- refers to the relative purity of a color. Colors may be pure or saturated as they appear in the color wheel. The purest colors are said to have high intensity gray colors lower intensity. Intensity gradations may be full tensity three-fourths intensity one-half intensity or one fourth intensity. To lower the intensity of a color. The artist may add a combination of black and white (gray) or may add a little of the colors complement

Color

Color is a property of light. When light goes out, color goes with it. All colors are dependent on light. No object possesses color intrinsically. What we perceive as color is reflected light rays. Natural objects have only one color because any object has a color quality called pigmentation which enables it to absorb some of the colors and reflect only one. A red rose appears to be red because it reflects red waves of light and absorbs all the others. Some objects do not have color they may be black white or gray. Black, white and gray do not have color quality. They differ in the quantity of light that they reflect. They are called neutrals. Black reflects no light at all white relects all colors and gray results from partial reflection of light.

Value

Value means relative lightness and darkness whether in color or in black and white. It is easier to see value in black and white than in color. Value is considered in terms of a value scale ranging from white (the lightest) to black (the darkest) with several gradations in between. Light values in a work of art are called high-key dark values that predominates are low-key. Value contrasts may be used in painting and drawing to create effects of light and shadow. This technique is called chiaroscuro which literally means "light/dark"


xxx

Light

Light is the ally of three-dimensional forms. It creates shadows and reflections on their surfaces gives forms solidity and depth. Light sometimes animates forms from within. Artists working on two-dimensional art create the illusion of light by including it in the image.

Space

Technologically speaking , space sometimes may convey the idea of nothingness. However, space in a work of art is not void rather it is very much there. It is a dynamic visual art element that interacts with lines, colors, shapes and textures of a work of art to five them definition space. Two-dimensional space refers to the space in painting, drawing, height and width with no actual depth.

Perspective

Perspective is a system for depicting the illusion of three-dimensional
space on a two dimensional surface.

Linear perspective is the most "realistic" method of portraying two dimensions the visual depth
of the natural world. In linear perspective forms far away from the viewer seem smaller than those close up. The parallel lines receding into the distance seem to converge until they meet at a point on the horizon line where they disappear. The point is known as vanishing point. It turns the square into a trapezoid.



Isometric perspective is a system in which distant forms are made smaller but parallel lines do not converge. The lines that would be perpendicular to the picture plane are drawn as sharp diagonals. They turn the square into a parallelogram.


Atmospheric perspective forms meant to be perceived as far as the distance is blurred, indistinct, and misty-much as the eye perceives distant forms in nature.